Fall 2017, Feature 4

Immigration Injustice: An Iranian Immigrant Student’s Tireless Pursuit of Love, Education and the American Dream

Mary Nikpouri (left) with son, Ryan, and husband, Amir.

After years of being prevented from joining her husband in America, Roosevelt student Mary Nikpouri should by all rights be skeptical of the American Dream.

Among countless immigrants subjected to long waits and a seemingly endless bureaucracy in the quest to join loved ones legally in the U.S., Nikpouri spent nearly the first half of her 12-year marriage living apart from her husband Amir.

And yet, the 35-year-old health sciences student is still hopeful about her future in America.

“I just want to be an educated mom so my son can learn from me,” said Nikpouri, who today lives with Amir and her 3-year-old son, Ryan, in a southwest Chicago suburb.

A Roosevelt Presidential Scholarship recipient, Nikpouri has reason for optimism, as she will soon complete an allied health degree in histotechnology, the only bachelor’s-level program of its kind in Illinois.

Starting pay is good — about $26 an hour — and chances of finding a job are nearly 100 percent for Roosevelt students who learn to handle, store and prepare human tissue samples for analysis at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago.

“Mary expressed interest in my class in empowering women in Iran through educational and career opportunities. She frequently reflected on her life in Iran, and I know that all of us in that class came to value what she had to say immensely.”

E. Mairin Barney, Former Roosevelt Professor

Map of Iran

Both Mary, who will graduate in summer 2018, and Amir, a manager and partner in a Chicago auto-auction business, today are naturalized U.S. citizens. That was not the case, however, when their love story — and all of its ensuing struggles — began to unfold in 2005.

“It was difficult all those years being apart from one another, but it made us closer, and as a result, we are determined to make the most of our life together in the U.S.,” Nikpouri said.

Mary Meets Amir

The couple met at a shared relative’s house in Tehran on Feb. 25, 2005. Mary, then 21, a native of Iran’s capital city, was a lab technician whose job was to test the city’s water for contamination levels. She went to her relative’s home with her mother to pay respect to family and friends, a tradition followed by Iranians all over the world during the holiday season that precedes the Iranian New Year, which falls on the first day of spring, typically in March.

A native of Shiraz, Amir, then 26, had come to do the same. He left the southerly garden city, Iran’s sixth largest metropolis, in 1989, joining family members who had moved to America to start a business. A bargain airfare to Tehran, a city he hadn’t seen since he was 12 years old, made his homeland visit possible.

“My mother would always tell me, ‘You should marry a Persian girl,’” Amir said. “I would shake my head and tell her, ‘I don’t think I have anything in common with one,’ and she would tell me, ‘Mom knows best.’”

Mary’s Education

Nikpouri in a Wabash Building science lab.

Nikpouri in a Wabash Building science lab.

Mary grew up during the 1980–88 Iran–Iraq War, believed to have taken an estimated half a million lives. Her mother, a human resources director at a Tehran hospital, and her father, a high-ranking official of Iran’s Department of Education, promised their daughter she would be educated.

The war, however, forced the family to flee to the countryside where as a first-grader, Mary witnessed a missile attack, killing people near where she lay hidden in a canal on orders of her father, whose quick thinking likely saved her life.

There were no options for education in the countryside at that time, except a strict religious school for refugees, which Mary attended for four months. Later returning to Tehran, she finished grade school, high school and some college, obtaining an associate’s degree in environmental health; she was then admitted to an engineering program.

“What I remember about Mary was her discussion and reflection on why she wanted to come to the U.S.,” said E. Mairin Barney, a former Roosevelt English instructor who first introduced the student to the idea of social justice in an online Writing Social Justice class.

An unfamiliar concept, social justice for Mary became a starting point for analyzing her personal journey in Iran, a process that led her to tell her story.

“Mary expressed interest in my class in empowering women in Iran through educational and career opportunities,” Barney said. “She frequently reflected on her life in Iran, and I know that all of us in that class came to value what she had to say immensely.”

A Quick Courtship and Prolonged Separation

Mary was supposed to stay at her relative’s house on that first day she met Amir for 90 minutes, but he begged her to stay longer. “I told her, ‘I’ve been looking for you in the skies,’” he said. “I also asked her to show me around Tehran.”

They explored the city streets, visited shopping malls and talked late at night on the phone. He gave her flowers. She found a bench in a famous Tehran park where they sat talking for 12 hours straight about life, children and the importance of education.

“I promised her, ‘You will be successful in America as long as you’ve got the education,’” said Amir, who remembers advising Mary, while she waited in Iran, to master English so that she could hit the ground running in the U.S.

The two married in Tehran, with the blessing of their families, on April 14, 2005 — just 49 days after their courtship began.

Amir vowed to bring his new wife to the U.S. quickly. He did not, however, anticipate being among approximately 1.5 million similar petitioners whom well-known U.S. immigration policy consultant Paul Donnelly has estimated may have been waiting — some as long as seven years — for permission to bring loved ones to America.

“Immigrants like the Nikpouris are what make our country great. They come here with hopes and dreams of making a difference, they raise their kids to become real Americans, and then we treat them like they are a pain in the neck instead of an opportunity. It doesn’t make sense.”

– Paul Donnelly, U.S. Immigration Policy Consultant

“How long would you want to have to sleep in a different country than your husband or wife?” asked Donnelly, who first met Amir in 2007 after the legal U.S. resident contacted a number of federal offices, including his senators, for help in bringing Mary to the U.S.

“Immigrants like the Nikpouris are what make our country great,” said Donnelly, who set the stage for Amir to tell his story to The New York Times and senators in Washington, D.C. in May 2007.

“They come here with hopes and dreams of making a difference, they raise their kids to become real Americans, and then we treat them like they are a pain in the neck instead of an opportunity,” Donnelly said. “It doesn’t make sense.”

When Amir first returned to the U.S. to file Mary’s paperwork, he had never been in a courtroom, was not versed in immigration law and did not know any immigration lawyers.

“I thought I could just pay someone and it would happen, but I found out that things don’t work that way,” said Amir, who discovered his green card was not enough to put his wife on a fast track to America.

The first year apart passed, and then the second. The two talked on the phone together every night, but by day, their state of affairs was growing tense.

“I was hearing from people I knew that he (Amir) was lying. They said he already had a wife and family in America,” Mary said. “It wasn’t true, but at the time I was heartbroken and growing more and more frustrated every day.”

Amir’s Fight For His Wife

Nikpouri (center) in Grant Park with (from left) her mother, Simin Kavian, Ryan and Amir.

Nikpouri (center) in Grant Park with (from left) her mother, Simin Kavian, Ryan and Amir.

Committed to his promise to bring Mary to America, Amir called then-Senator Barack Obama during his presidential campaign. Obama’s office put him in touch with American Families United (AFU), a not-for-profit organization that advocates for U.S. citizens trying to bring spouses and children to America. An AFU consultant at the time, Donnelly saw an opportunity in Amir and his story.

“We wanted to address delays that those seeking legal immigration were experiencing, and here was Amir — young, handsome, articulate, and a poster child for what’s wrong with the immigration system,” Donnelly said.

Amir had been to the U.S. Senate once as a high school student, but this was a different occasion: a press conference with then-Senator Hillary Clinton and dozens of media cameras.

“[Senator Clinton] told me she was sorry that we have a broken system and that our laws are breaking families apart,” said Amir, whose story was featured on CNN, in The New York Times and more than 100 other newspapers around the country. “She joked with me, told me I was a good-looking guy and that Mary would certainly wait for me.”

Clinton’s proposed amendment was to be part of a sweeping immigration reform bill. She called for increases to the number of green cards issued annually to spouses and children of legal residents, thereby reducing the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service’s case backlog. Opponents argued there was no backlog, and in the end, neither the amendment nor the bill itself became reality.
Meanwhile, the couple’s time apart grew, eventually to six years. “Every day I would check online to see if a visa was available, and every day the answer was no,” Amir said.

In 2009, after his own five-year wait as a green-card holder, Amir became a U.S citizen, entitling him to file a new case for his wife’s entry to the U.S. There were a few more months of delays during processing of Mary’s paperwork, but her entry to the U.S. finally came on July 4, 2010 — a true Independence Day following the couple’s earnest pursuit of the American Dream.

A Future Together, At Last

“Mary is a straight-A student and well-suited to become a histotechnologist,” said Roosevelt biology professor Kelly Wentz-Hunter, who accepted Mary into the program based on her grades, work experience and determination. “Mary has many talents that she began developing in Iran, and I’m sure she will have opportunities to further develop and use those talents here in America.”

“It’s been a long time and a lot of studying, but finally our American Dream is on track.”

— Mary Nikpouri

In fact, Mary plans to enter Roosevelt’s biomedical science master’s program after graduating in 2018.

“All we ever wanted to do was be together,” Mary said. “It’s been a long time and a lot of studying, but finally our American Dream is on track.”

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Performing Social Justice resident Allen Otte (standing) speaks with faculty and students
Fall 2017, Feature 4, University News

CCPA News Fall/Winter 2018

CCPA Social Justice Program Opens Doors for Performing Arts Projects

Performing Social Justice resident Allen Otte (standing) speaks with faculty and students

Performing Social Justice resident Allen Otte (standing) speaks with faculty and students.

One of the missing links between refugees and Swedish citizens is performing arts. At least, that’s what Roosevelt music composition student Sean Hussey argues in his latest project.

The recipient of a Performing Social Justice Seed grant offered annually by the Chicago College of Performing Arts (CCPA), Hussey spent two weeks with vocal quartet Åkervinda in residence at the Inter Arts Center in Malmö, Sweden, where he spoke with musicians, refugees and locals about the often-problematic integration of refugees in the Scandinavian nation.

“The [Social Justice Seed Program] could not have been more perfect,” Hussey said. “We needed funding for an idea, and every other funding opportunity required us to have a product. We didn’t have that. Our goal was to figure out what we wanted to do.”

Discoveries made by Hussey during the experience could form the basis for a future book and provide him with countless opportunities to grow the project in the future. This is exactly the kind of outcome CCPA music history professors Thomas Kernan and David Kjar had in mind when they launched the Performing Social Justice Seed Program two years ago.

“We want students to use this program to ask themselves what more they can do as artists besides performing at concerts in the community.”

Thomas Kernan, CCPA Faculty Member

“We want students to use this program to ask themselves what more they can do as artists besides performing at concerts in the community,” Kernan said. “We want them to explore what social justice should look like as a performing artist in the 21st century.”

“When musicians and creative types move themselves into other worlds and get to know others, they end up learning more about themselves,” Kjar added.

The two preside over the program that awards grant money, which has ranged from $500 to $3,500 per project. The faculty members mentor awardees in their work, giving them a financial head start in pursuing ideas that bridge performing art with Roosevelt’s mission of social justice.

Recent projects include a critique of gender inequality in the opera world, by Heidi Joosten. CCPA students Ian McGuffin and Cassandra Kaczor worked on the “Dried Tobacco Project,” a musical exploration of the emotional risks within the LGBTQ community.

“What’s been most satisfying about the program is that there’s a community starting to form in which CCPA students are sharing their ideas on how, as performing artists, they can best put social justice into action,” Kjar said. “All those who’ve applied for grants are joining periodically to meet, inspire others and give advice.”

Members of Äkervinda perform in Sweden.

CCPA students can apply for Social Justice Seed grants starting in their second semester. Applicants prepare proposals explaining why their idea relates to social justice, the support they need and plans for the future. A group of CCPA faculty members reviews the proposals, working with students to refine ideas before a project begins.

It is a process that Hussey followed in order to get the grant that took him to Sweden, an eye-opening experience that has led to his growth both as a performing artist and a socially conscious citizen.

“This project has opened doors for new ways of thinking about my future and looking into PhD programs,” Hussey said. “It’s been remarkable to have the guidance of CCPA faculty members, and this wouldn’t be possible without their time and effort.”

CCPA’s Frazes Hill Named Milwaukee Symphony Chorus Director

Cheryl Frazes Hill Portrait

Cheryl Frazes Hill, associate professor of music education and director of choral activities at Chicago College of Performing Arts (CCPA), was named director of the highly acclaimed Milwaukee Symphony Chorus in May.

“The Milwaukee Symphony Chorus is one of America’s finest orchestral choruses, with a very long and important tradition,” said CCPA Dean Henry Fogel. “For Cheryl to be chosen after a major international search process is a strong demonstration of the quality of her work as a choral leader.”

Trained by the notable founder and first director of the Chicago Symphony Chorus, Margaret Hillis, Frazes Hill has been a noted Chicago Symphony Orchestra Chorus singer and member of its conducting staff for more than 40 years, including more than 20 years assisting current CSO chorus director and conductor Duain Wolfe. She has also spent 15 years leading CCPA’s choral activities.

“This is an opportunity of a lifetime for me to be selected to lead a symphony chorus,” said Frazes Hill, who regularly commutes between Chicago and Milwaukee.

This season, Frazes Hill has led the Milwaukee Symphony Chorus in performances of Bach’s Magnificat; Bernstein’s Chichester Psalms; Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9; as well as Handel’s immensely popular Messiah series, to be held in December.

Meanwhile, Frazes Hill remains engaged with student and alumni singers at Roosevelt. Among this season’s highlights, she prepared CCPA’s choirs for movements from Mozart’s Requiem with the Chicago Sinfonietta, performed at the Naperville, Illinois Wentz Auditorium, and at Chicago’s Orchestra Hall in November.

She also will be working in spring 2018 with CCPA’s choirs, which will perform an evening of music honoring Black History Month joined by the Providence St. Mel High School choir and guest artist Roosevelt A. Credit on Feb. 21, and Honegger’s King David with the CCPA Wind Ensemble on April 3.  Both performances will be in Roosevelt’s Ganz Hall.

“I am glad that I still have the opportunity to guide the next generation of singers and music educators,” Frazes Hill said.

She hopes to be able to engage Roosevelt alumni living in the Milwaukee area in Milwaukee Symphony Choir activities, and looks forward to an opportunity for future collaboration between the Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra and CCPA students.

“It’s something that I have in the back of my mind,” Frazes Hill said. “That would be exciting for our students and I would certainly enjoy it.”

Training Tomorrow’s Arts Leaders

Allegra MontanariThis fall, students in Roosevelt’s Chicago College of Performing Arts (CCPA) will begin seeing a variety of programs, lectures and panel discussions sponsored by an organization with an unfamiliar name: The Center for Arts Leadership.

The brainchild of CCPA Dean Henry Fogel and his staff, the Center for Arts Leadership was created earlier this year with the mission of educating “a new generation of socially conscious artistic leadership.”

“Performing is not the only aspect of the arts that’s important,” Fogel said. “Arts organizations need creative, imaginative leaders to guide them into the future.”

The center’s new director is Roosevelt alumna Allegra Montanari, a 2012 master’s in cello performance graduate who started Sharing Notes, an award-winning nonprofit group of volunteer musicians, including many Roosevelt students and alumni who perform regularly for patients at Chicago-area hospitals.

“In the past, CCPA students have been encouraged to apply the principles of social justice to their work as artists,” but without much guidance about how to do it, according to Montanari. “With the Center for Arts Leadership, we’re taking that next step toward finding ways to engage with the community and providing students with opportunities to take what they’ve learned in the classroom and put it into action.”

Leadership takes many forms, so the new center is taking a multi-pronged approach in helping CCPA students to think more expansively about their potential role as artists and citizens in the larger community.

Among its initiatives, the center is sponsoring guest lectures and panel discussions with professionals who use their arts backgrounds in various creative and original ways. These events are also intended to acquaint students with resources that are available to them through the center, including internships, group activities and grants.

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Photo of Audience watching American Dream Conference Speakers
Fall 2017, Feature 4, Feature Stories

Revisiting the Dream: Roosevelt Hosts Second Annual American Dream Reconsidered Conference

Photo of Audience watching American Dream Conference Speakers

For the second consecutive year, Roosevelt University hosted the American Dream Reconsidered Conference, an event that examined the state of our national ethos during one of the country’s most dynamic and challenging eras in its history.

More than 5,000 people attended the four-day conference, held Sept. 11–14, which featured star-studded guest speakers, touched on hot-button issues and sizzled with news.

“This was a momentous event for our community,” said Roosevelt University President Ali Malekzadeh, who first introduced the annual conference in 2016. “Not only was it an occasion to take in differing viewpoints and learn about important issues of the day; this was an exceptional event that gave the University a high degree of visibility.”

Highlights of the American Dream Conference included discussions featuring luminaries such as U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg; political commentators David Axelrod and Bill Kristol; MacArthur Fellow and author Danielle Allen; noted economist Tyler Cowen; and Roosevelt’s own economics alumni, who discussed economic justice and the American Dream.

Immigration, health care, the presidency of Donald Trump, the failure of America’s penal system, and Americans’ growing complacency were just a few of the topics discussed at the conference.

Like last year, the conference also offered an opportunity for members of the Roosevelt community to volunteer at both the Chicago and Schaumburg campuses for the American Dream Service Day, Sept. 14. Feeding hungry children; rooftop garden beautification; campus clean-up; and cause advocacy, addressing issues of global poverty, health, education and development, were among the service activities performed by close to 300 volunteers.

Coming to America: Immigration in the New World

Coming to America: Immigration in a New World panel

Coming to America: Immigration in a New World panel

The American Dream Reconsidered Conference kicked off its panel series with Coming to America: Immigration in a New World. Held in Roosevelt’s Rudolph Ganz Memorial Hall, moderator Bethany Barratt, professor of political science at Roosevelt, was accompanied by panel experts María Blanco and Aziz Huq.

Blanco, executive director of the University of California’s Immigrant Legal Services Center, and Huq, the Frank and Bernice J. Greenberg law professor at University of Chicago, provided insight on the similarities between past and present U.S. immigration policies. According to Huq, “U.S. law didn’t have the concept of a removable alien until the early 20th century. It’s only in the 1930s … that people actually started to see a substantial amount of deportations.”

A former advisor for President Barack Obama’s 2008 transition team, Blanco spoke candidly about the former president’s role in what she describes as the largest deportation operation in American history. “There were a lot of different thoughts about wanting to look tough on enforcement, [which] was a bargaining chip for comprehensive immigration reform in Congress,” Blanco said. “But, it was pretty clear at some point that wasn’t going to happen.”

“Every year, everybody’s tempted to pull out a new report [that] is going to convince people that immigrants are contributing to the economy, that they don’t get welfare, and that they contribute to social security — even though they can’t [receive social security benefits].”

– María Blanco, Executive Director of the Immigrant Legal Services Center, University of California

She continued, “Every year, everybody’s tempted to pull out a new report [that] is going to convince people that immigrants are contributing to the economy, that they don’t get welfare, and that they contribute to social security — even though they can’t [receive social security benefits].”

While recent attempts by the Trump administration to rescind the 2012 Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program — and enact a travel ban against nationals from Muslim-majority countries — have generated waves of concern and unrest, Huq remains hopeful due to the actions taken by institutions and individuals.

“I don’t think that the trajectory of the travel ban would’ve been the same had it not been for people being present,” Huq said. “[I’m] talking to ACLU lawyers who expect upwards of 60 or 70 media briefs on their side from Fortune 500 companies, Biotech, Silicon Valley, [and] every major American university. I think that kind of action by people who are not directly affected by these measures is tremendously consequential.”

A Conversation With Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg

President Ali Malekzadeh (left) with Ginsburg and Judge Ann Claire Williams at the Auditorium Theatre.

President Ali Malekzadeh (left) with Ginsburg and Judge Ann Claire Williams at the Auditorium Theatre.

We all have an American Dream, no matter our lot in life. U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg is no exception, following her lifelong service to her community, country, its people, family and friends.

“How do you want to be remembered?” asked Seventh Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals Judge Ann Claire Williams, who joined Ginsburg for their two-hour conversation on the opening night of Roosevelt’s American Dream Reconsidered Conference at the Auditorium Theatre.

“I would like to be remembered as someone who tried her best, with whatever talent God gave her, to move things in a better direction, to make things better,” Ginsburg said as thousands in the theatre cheered her on.
That inspirational exchange, along with many others, captivated thousands in attendance for the wide-ranging conversation on Sept. 11, which headlined Roosevelt’s four-day conference.

Covering everything from her humble beginnings growing up in Brooklyn, New York to her working relationship with the late U.S. Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia, Ginsburg shared a life story steeped in social justice activism.

An advocate for women’s rights throughout her life, Ginsburg told the crowd, “I think there has not been a better time to be a woman in the legal profession because no doors are closed.

“I won’t say there’s no discrimination. That would be a stretch,” said Ginsburg, who overcame incredible odds with her determination to become a lawyer and then a judge at a time when the field of law was dominated by men.

“There will be enough women on the Supreme Court when there are nine,” said the outspoken justice, who made news around the nation with that statement and many others.

“I would like to be remembered as someone who tried her best, with whatever talent God gave her, to move things in a better direction, to make things better.”

– Ruth Bader GinsburgU.S. Supreme Court Justice

The Supreme Court justice has also been a figure of mainstream notoriety, especially after a law student, upset by a 2013 decision striking down part of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, referred to Ginsburg in an online posting as the “Notorious RBG,” a sly comparison to the late rapper Notorious B.I.G.
Ginsburg joked while on stage that her similarities to the rap star were obvious. “We both were born and bred in Brooklyn, New York,” she said.

Ginsburg answered a number of questions during the event posed by Roosevelt University students. While she stayed away from discussing politics during her appearance, Ginsburg made it clear on where she stands regarding working with her colleagues on the nation’s highest court. “We revere the institution for which we work,” she said. “It just won’t work if you don’t respect your colleagues.” At one point, she described Scalia as “a funny man,” “a good grammarian” and “a friend.”

Ginsburg and Williams in conversation.

Ginsburg and Williams in conversation.

Of the divide in Congress over Supreme Court nominations, Ginsburg said, “My hope — and I hope I will live to see it in this lifetime — is that our Congress will get over this nonsense.”

Nominated by President Bill Clinton in 1993, she was only the second woman ever appointed to the Supreme Court. Ginsburg called for a return to the “bipartisan spirit” that prevailed back in that period.

Despite the challenging times and a lifetime of experiences — “Over the long haul, I’ve had it all” — Ginsburg made clear she’s not ready to give up on the dream.

“There’s work to be done,” she said as the audience cheered. “I will remain to do it as long as I can, full steam.”

Economic Justice and the American Dream

(from left) Associate Professor of Economics Gary Langer with alumni Samuel Barbour, Hans Zigmund, Calvin Trapp, Jessica Akey and Justin Shea.

(from left) Associate Professor of Economics Gary Langer with alumni Samuel Barbour, Hans Zigmund, Calvin Trapp, Jessica Akey and Justin Shea.

Alumni from Roosevelt’s graduate economics program took to the stage at Ganz Hall to present personal perspectives on the meaning of economic justice and the American Dream. Accomplished researchers and practitioners, graduates Samuel Barbour, Hans Zigmund, Calvin Trapp, Jessica Akey and Justin Shea emphasized the importance of creating a world in which social and economic justice prevails, where all people have adequate standards of living, and where all have the ability to freely develop full human potentials and capabilities. The panel discussion was moderated by economics program director and professor Gary Langer.

The Blue Cross Blue Shield of Illinois Panel: Who Knew it Could Be So Complicated? A Conversation About Health Care in America.

The BlueCross BlueShield of Illinois Panel in Ganz Hall

The BlueCross BlueShield of Illinois Panel in Ganz Hall

The BlueCross BlueShield of Illinois panel featured James L. Madara, CEO and executive vice president of the American Medical Association; Maurice Smith, president of BlueCross BlueShield of Illinois; and Eric Zimmerman, partner at McDermott, Will & Emery, and president of the American Health Lawyers Association. Melissa Hogan, dean of Roosevelt’s College of Pharmacy, moderated the panel, which focused on how health care access impacts the American Dream.

Madara spoke at length about how the health care system is fragmented, because providers are not able to access data swiftly, and that a primary focus for the AMA is to help providers think about connective technology. That better access to data will help with disease prevention.

 Panelist and Roosevelt trustee, Maurice Smith.

Panelist and Roosevelt trustee, Maurice Smith.

Smith emphasized that major health care corporations’ roles are to serve as advocates for the consumer and organizers of the health care system. He strongly encouraged those in the audience to get involved and become advocates for health care, and to work with congressional leaders.

When speaking to the partisan divide that exists in the health care debate today, Zimmerman said the Affordable Care Act has quickly become a government entitlement program similar to social security and Medicare. One of the great tragedies of the Affordable Care Act, according to Zimmerman, is the current political environment in which it finds itself, and that its infrastructure could work if Congress decides to work together toward a common goal.

an audience member talks to panelist Eric Zimmerman

An audience member talks to panelist Eric Zimmerman.

When asked about the winners and losers of universal coverage, Zimmerman said Medicare has by-and-large been viewed as a successful system that maintains a free market service, seen as government organized but not government run. He emphasized the systems in place that would allow customers 100 percent coverage.

Hogan ended the panel discussion with a question of how to make health care more affordable. Without data transparency, Madara said, costs are hard to assess. Zimmerman cited cost as a problem of misaligned incentives, and that the Affordable Care Act fell short on cost-control measures. Madara closed by stating that incentives are important, but the current system has it all wrong — and needs reform.

Cuz: The Untimely End of an American’s Dream: A Conversation about Race, Justice, Incarceration and the Loss of a Generation

Danielle Allen; Professor of Sociology Heather Dalmage

from left: Danielle Allen; Professor of Sociology Heather Dalmage

Anger, grief and loss were among the emotions that surfaced when Harvard University professor and MacArthur Fellow Danielle Allen took the stage to discuss her new book during her talk, Cuz: The Untimely End of an American’s Dream.

“The American Dream is broken,” said Allen, who discussed the loss of her younger cousin and the role the American penal system played in his downfall.

She told audience members that she wrote Cuz: The Life and Times of Michael A., published this fall, in order to understand why her cousin, who had much potential for future success, ended up in prison and subsequently dead after a first conviction for carjacking at age 15.

“We leave it to our government to secure our rights — and they don’t.”

– Danielle Allen, Harvard University Professor and MacArthur Fellow

“I wanted to understand ‘Why was he dead? Why was he in prison for so long? Why did he end up at 15 with so much anger and trying to carjack a vehicle? What happened?’” said Allen, who is one of today’s leading American scholars.

“I hope this book also is a lesson into some of the bigger things we’ve done in this country with our criminal justice system.”

Allen, who comes from a close-knit and well educated family, said it came as a surprise to all when her cousin, Michael, committed a carjacking as a teen. Angry and upset, family members had a difficult time navigating the criminal justice system that kept Michael behind bars for 11 years. During his time in a California prison, Michael wrote essays that are featured in the book and also fell in love with a fellow inmate, who returned to kill Michael shortly after he was released from prison at 26 years of age.

Allen in Ganz Hall.

Allen in Ganz Hall.

On her journey to understand the story, Allen said she discovered that Michael had grown up in an abusive household and changed schools on five occasions, including a move to Los Angeles where he got involved with gangs.

More troubling, however, was what she learned about the criminal justice system, which she blames for not protecting her cousin, as well as millions of other young African American males who have been locked behind bars, largely due to drug convictions.

Allen told audience members that the Declaration of Independence makes it clear the government is supposed to ensure one’s right to pursue happiness.
“Our war on drugs is hindering our pursuit of happiness,” she said. “We leave it to our government to secure our rights — and they don’t.”

The Jack Miller Center Conversation on the American Dream

Bill Kristol (left) and Tyler Cowen at Ganz Hall

We live in self-satisfactory, comfortable times; we as Americans are content to try new things but are not interested in creating change. There is a real danger that accompanies avoiding the new and different, in favor of standing still.

Cowen and Jack Miller (right)

Cowen and Jack Miller (right)

This is the argument Tyler Cowen makes in his most recent book, The Complacent Class: The Self-Defeating Quest for the American Dream, which he presented at The Jack Miller Center Conversation on The American Dream on Sept. 13. Cowen is a renowned economist and Holbert C. Harris chair of the economics department at George Mason University, and presented his perspectives on the country at large during this engaging discussion. Political commentator Bill Kristol moderated the talk.

“When I talk about complacency, I mean this notion that we have lost the ability to imagine a future fundamentally different and better from the present we live in.”

– Tyler Cowen, Economist; Holbert C. Harris Chair of Economics, George Mason University

“When I talk about complacency, I mean this notion that we have lost the ability to imagine a future fundamentally different and better from the present we live in,” Cowen said. “[It] to me seems almost entirely vanished. We obsess over keeping our kids safe, medicating ourselves, digging in, not moving so often … the internet has made staying at home a lot more fun, much more than it’s made us more productive or dynamic.”

From the pure extremes of political bipartisanship to the isolationism of social media interaction, the discussion by Cowen and Kristol covered a wide swath of dynamics in American culture that has created a more insular people.

Cowen, contemplating danger of complacency.

Cowen, contemplating danger of complacency.

The conversation ended on a question: “Do people believe strongly in some kind of future they imagine very clearly in their minds?” To Cowen, recent trends may not hold much optimism.

It Did Happen Here: Reflections on the 2016 Presidential Election and its Aftermath

Associate Professor of Political Science David Faris (middle) moderates “It Did Happen Here” panel with political commentators David Axelrod (left) and Bill Kristol

Associate Professor of Political Science David Faris (middle) moderates “It Did Happen Here” panel with political commentators David Axelrod (left) and Bill Kristol

A spirited discussion on the 2016 election and Trump presidency by leading political commentators David Axelrod and Bill Kristol engaged a capacity crowd on the third day of the American Dream Reconsidered Conference in Ganz Hall. Roosevelt University associate professor of political science David Faris moderated the discussion.

Though Axelrod, former Obama senior advisor, and Kristol, founder of the conservative-leaning Weekly Standard, are on opposing sides of the political spectrum, both had serious misgivings about Trump’s performance.

Axelrod criticized the president for “having no idea whatsoever of what he’s doing,” and suggested Democrats will need a candidate in 2020 who is nothing like Trump. “We’ll need someone who can make the argument on values we share including economic opportunity and equality,” he said.

While Kristol called Trump “a con man” who “has done damage to the country,” the political commentator also argued that some Americans, in the end, will remember good things about the unusual presidency.

Axelrod and Kristol in discussion

Axelrod and Kristol in discussion

“The big story to me after his eight months in office is that reluctant Trump voters remain Trump voters,” Kristol said. “He may not be doing well with them, but he’s doing well enough to hold most of them.”

One of the best things to emerge from the election and presidency, according to Axelrod, is the strength of American democracy.

“One of the things that has most impressed me is the resilience of our institutions,” said Axelrod, who credited the media for inspiring aggressive  American citizens to become more active, and Congress for listening to its constituents.

“One of the things that has most impressed me is the resilience of our institutions.”

– David Axelrod, Political Commentator

Kristol believes it will be interesting to watch how Trump will fare in the event of an economic downturn. “When will reluctant Trump supporters turn against the president?” Kristol asked. “I think a big economic downturn could do that.”

Both men said they were worried about where the Trump presidency will take the country going forward.
“What worries me is how the story will end,” said Axelrod, who believes talk of impeachment should take a back burner, essentially denying Trump the opportunity to further rile up and ignite his base.

Axelrod, Kristol, Board of Trustees Chair Patricia Harris and President Ali Malekzadeh.

Axelrod, Kristol, Board of Trustees Chair Patricia Harris and President Ali Malekzadeh.

Citing “a fundamental divide in the Republican Party,” Kristol said, “None of us has seen this movie before. We’re really in a new environment. Things are very fluid … there are so many variables at play,” which he believes means taking a wait-and-see approach.

American Dream Service Day

Nearly 300 members of the Roosevelt community took part in the second annual American Dream Service Day at the Chicago and Schaumburg campuses. Volunteers packed food for the hungry, beautified the Wabash rooftop gardens, wrote letters to politicians in support of a U.S. International Affairs budget in Chicago, took part in campus cleanup, and assembled hygiene kits for homeless veterans and youths in Schaumburg.

Nowhere People: Photographs from Greg Constantine

The second American Dream Reconsidered Conference ended with the opening of Nowhere People: The Children, a photo exhibit featuring stateless people around the world, and refugees and migrants without citizenship.

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